Archive for the ‘Apple 1’ Category

Say Hi At VCFse in the Atlanta Area

Monday, March 18th, 2013

This year, for the third year in a row, I’ll be leaving the family in the care of our dog, Toby, and be spending a weekend with fellow retro-computer hobbyists. Since this years VCFeast, had to be cancelled, I’ll be treking down to VCF southeast in Atlanta for the weekend of April 20 and 21st. These weekends are always fun, so I highly encourage everyone that might be interested in these things to make the effort to join us.

Here is the link with informaiton for that event.
http://vintage.org/2013/southeast/

Stop by my exhibit. I’ll be operating a Mimeo 1 and a reproduction SCELBI 8H (one of a very few working SCELBIs in the world). I’ll even give you a chance to “drive”. Tell me you read my blog and get a free SCELBI/8008 reference card.

See you there…

PS/2 Adapter Repurposing

Tuesday, February 5th, 2013

The daunting task of toggling in a program of any significant length into a SCELBI has made me consider ways of automating the process, at least for demonstration purposes. What I’m looking at, is altering the program on one of my PS/2 to ASCII keyboard adapters and connecting it to the SCELBI’s front panel connections. Here are the reasons why I think this will work out really well.

  • The front panel is controlled through TTL I/O lines pulled up to +5 volts with 1k resistors. This is something that the AVR should be able interface directly to.
  • There are more than enough I/Os available on the PS/2 card, especially if I repurpose the three configuration jumpers. There are 8 bits for data and three pushbuttons for control. In addition I should be able to tap into a couple of the CPU status lines in order synchronize with the CPU states.
  • I already have both keyboard and RS232 drivers written for this board.
  • The keyboard can be used for control and the RS232 port to get data from a host computer.
  • An alternate approach is to use RS232 for both data and control.
  • I have plenty of these boards available. I’ve used less then half of the lifetime supply that I had made when the Mimeo first came out.
  • The interesting thing about this little board, is that I can also use it for other interface applications on the SCELBI, at least until I have time to reproduce authentic 70s era interfaces that were available. Examples include:

  • RS232 interface
  • With a bit of extra hardware – cassette tape interface
  • 6800 running on a Mimeo 1

    Saturday, February 2nd, 2013

    For a while now, we have speculated about how well a 6800 would really work in an Apple 1. Well, a 6800 is running now on a Mimeo. See Lionel’s utube video for proof.

    Eric Smith had previously created a 6800 Apple 1 monitor that he ran in emulation. Lionel took that monitor and went to work to make it run on real hardware. Lionel had to make two changes to make it work.

  • the 6800 7404 had to be changed to a slower 74L04 in order to make clock timing work
  • pin 39, which is not connected in a 6501, had to be pulled down to ground with a 10K resistor
  • Kudos to Lionel for making what I think is an Apple/Mimeo 1 first…

    jOBs Movie Stills Posted

    Thursday, January 24th, 2013

    Mimeo owners might recognize what Kutcher/Jobs is holding in the first photo.

    http://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2013/01/15/steve-wozniak-steve-jobs-biopic/1815651/

    More on Apple 1 -5 Volt Supply Issues and a Solution

    Monday, January 14th, 2013

    My friend Lionel, from Australia, reports to me about an issue with DS0026 clock driver chip on his Mimeo build. The Apple 1 was originally designed with a DS0025 clock driver chip, but the DS0026 should be a compatible replacement. The DS0025 drive a pair of clocks that are used for shifting video data through the 2504 shift registers. This clock low level is -12 volts and is the same clock that is coupled to video output and causing the video dot problem described on my Apple 1 Hardware Notes page.

    After doing some investigation, Lionel and I have determined that the 2504s are coupling this clock
    http://www.willegal.net/blog/?p=1623 onto the -5 volt supply. This is what is causing a large part of the noise on -5 volts and manifests itself as intermittent DRAM problems (failure to pass memory tests).

    Lionel has tested a fix that involves adding decoupling caps to the -5v supply in the area of the negative supply regulators and around the 2504s. Here is Lionel’s report:

    Hi Mike,

    Good news!

    It definitely looks like decoupling the -5V on pin 4 of the 2504’s is the way to go. I’ve added some 0.1uF caps to GND across both the negative regulators, and one on pin 4 of the group of four 2504s at D4-D5, one on the pair at D14, and one on the single 2504 at C11. This cleans up the -5V rail substantially to the point where using the DS0026 works! See attached photos for how I added the capacitors.

    Before I did the mod I had a look at pin 4 of each of the 2504s and there was an unbelievable amount of noise on them. It was far higher than what was across the -5V decoupling cap near the RAM. In fact, on the 2504 at C11 there was about 4V p-p of noise, when using the DS0026. I think the switching current of the 2504 must be very high, which in conjunction with the inductance of the traces on the board gives a lot of ringing.

    I’ll leave my Mimeo running for a while to burn in and check stability, but so far so good.

    Let me know how you go if you try it.

    Regards,

    Lionel…

    Here are a few pictures showing the caps added to the back of the board.

    2504D4D5

    2504D14

    2504C11

    Before Lionel came up with his solution, I tried a fix that involves adding .0022 UF capacitors between the clock outputs of the DS0025 and +5 volt supply. That also helped by softening the edges of the clocks. Lionel’s solution is much preferable, though my attempt did greatly reduce the extent of the video dot problem.

    Lionel says Unicorn shipped the DS0026 with the Mimeo parts kit. After contacting Unicorn about the problem, Lionel says that Unicorn has promised to send a replacement DS0025.

    Beginning of Year Retro Update

    Tuesday, January 1st, 2013

    Mimeo’s

    Last weekend, I sold the last of the Mimeo PCBs (Glossy and Matte) that I had in stock. I will make some more matte after I’ve sold some of the first batch of the SCELBIs. I’m down to 4 ACI cards, so I’ll have to do a batch in matte to go with the next batch of Mimeos.

    The new movie, “jOBS” will premiere at the Sundance Film festival this month. I’m hoping that the Mimeo PCBs that I sold to the prop house supporting the film, get some screen time and the film is good enough to get some decent reviews.

    I still have plans to do a full built up system, but that project will have to wait until I have the SCELBI going. I am sorry that this has been teaser for some folks who have been waiting for it. However, I’m hoping that when I finally get to it, that folks will be impressed with the results, and say that the wait was worth it.

    The new run of Datanetics PCBs have been trickling out, maybe a little faster than I expected, given the difficulty of finding components. They have mostly been combined with Mimeo PCB sales. I really wonder how many will get built up. This datanetics PCB batch has been done more of a service to the retro community, as it will be a while before this project breaks even financially.

    SCELBI

    Quotes from Advanced Circuits on SCELBI boards are about half of what I expected, which is awesome. Nashua Circuits came in as expected, so I guess Advanced will get this business, unless Nashua can do much better (I’ll give them a chance to improve their quotes). Since there is no solder mask, it really shouldn’t make much of a difference who makes them.

    Design checks on the base 5 board set is done, and I’m about ready to declare victory on the layout tweaking/matching. The 8H backplane is just about ready, so I’ll probably get a batch of those made to go with the base 5 board 8H set, making it a 6 board set. The backplane has been challenging, as there is no schematic, only a wire list intended for wiring your own chassis. Good images of the top of backplane are non-existant. My orders for the PCBs may go in, as early as this week.

    I do have one thing to check on the CPU board. There were at least two versions of the CPU board made, I am replicating a later version. There is a report of an issue with the step function reported SCELBI digest, issue II. Though describing a problem in a later version of the CPU board, this report shows a slightly different design than the one in the version of the schematics/layout that I am replicating. I just need to make sure the schematics that I’ve followed are accurate.

    At this writing, estimates for the set of 6 PCBs, with an 8008D thrown in, but no other components, is in the range of 300 dollars. Final price might vary a bit, but I doubt that I could make it go any lower, without making this a one off effort, not to be repeated.

    A friend of mine, is looking into doing a reproduction bezel for the front panel of the chassis. He tells me that there are some challenges, as the original was anodized, and most panel manufacturers, these days, do powder coating.

    Today, I am going to see if I can generate a BOM (bill of materials) in an excell spreadsheet. Except for the 8008 and memory, I think most of the rest of the electronics components are readily available. I plan on sending the BOM to Unicorn, who have indicated, a while back, that they would do parts kits for this project, like they have for the Mimeo/Apple 1. The relay sockets used for I/O ports in the chassis, are available, but expensive – I’m going to see if I can find a way to get bulk price on those from someone.

    The 8B will follow on the heals of the 8H, It uses the same front panel, CPU, DBB, and input boards as the 8H, but requires 4 new boards…

  • new backplane with an extra slot for the memory addressing board. I haven’t investigated in detail, but I hope I can leverage most of the 8H backplane design, making this pretty straightforward
  • new 4K memory module. I already have done the base chip placement for this one
  • PROM board. Cameron Cooper has a draft design, that he says he will let me leverage
  • memory address expansion card – haven’t started
  • All in all, you can see that based on the head start that I have on the 8B boards, this shouldn’t take nearly as long as the 8H has taken, to complete.

    After these are done, there is more SCELBI hardware to be done, a TTY interface, a scope interface and a cassette interface. Power supplies are another potential future project. For now you will need to find a 5 volt and -9 volt supplies. Amperage ratings depend upon the amount of memory and peripherals. According to SCELBI documentation, system with a keyboard, oscilloscope interface, and cassette interface requires the following.

  • 4K memory requires 5 volts at 6 AMPs and -9 volts at 3 AMPs
  • 1K memory requires 5 volts at 3 AMPs and -9 volts at 1 AMP
  • I’m also likely to do an automated front panel controller with a micro-controller, to make loading the memory on the 8H easier. I might be able to reuse my existing PS/2 adapter with a new program in order to accomplish this.

    Brain Board

    Brain Board stock is dwindling, but sales have been very slow, as of late. When the stock runs out, I’ll definitely hold off on making a new run, until demand builds up again.

    SUPERPROTO

    So far, interest has been a bit lighter than expected. However I’ve got wind of a couple of super cool SUPERPROTO based projects, that may just jumpstart sales when the projects are publicly announced. Feedback from folks using the card has been positive, with no unexpected problems or issues reported. I also know of one, well known, Apple II hardware designer that is leveraging parts of the design, which I have published in detail on the SUPERPROTO Wiki, for his next efforts. Even though, I get no financial reward from this leveraging, it is gratifying to know that my efforts are of use to others.

    Apple II rev 0

    A rerun of these PCBs is also in the cards, though I want to make a few tweaks, so it will also come after the SCELBI and probably the fully built Mimeo.

    That is all the retro stuff that I can think of, for now – Happy New Year

    image of “prototype” Apple 1

    Monday, December 3rd, 2012

    Until I saw this image, I was under the impression that there were essentially three types of Apple 1s.

  • Woz’s hand wired prototype – there may be more than 1 of these
  • Production boards without NTI logo
  • Production boards with NTI logo
  • Now there is photographic evidence of a possible preproduction board with several differences from known production units.

    http://techland.time.com/2012/11/22/behold-some-of-the-first-apple-computer-photos-ever/

    This unit uses the large orange caps like Woz’s hand wired prototype. In additional to that, upon close examination, this board’s layout appears to differ somewhat from the known production boards.

    New Run of Datanetics Rev B are in Stock and Ready to Ship

    Friday, November 9th, 2012

    Price is $75 for each PCB and includes shipping. No components or hardware is included.

    See my web page for details:

    http://www.willegal.net/appleii/apple1-datanetics.htm

    I have 1 original glossy Mimeo Version 1.0 PCB available

    Sunday, November 4th, 2012

    This would look awesome mounted and framed. Price is $150, same as always. I have a ample supply of new matte 1.01 Mimeo’s also.

    Mimeo 1.01 images now on Mimeo Webpages

    Sunday, November 4th, 2012

    I have now updated a couple of images on my Mimeo Web pages with images of the Mimeo 1.01 that I built using a number of rare vintage components that I managed to obtain over the last few years. Note the gold plated 5 volt regulator, yellow 100 ohm pot and original style TI sockets and the Cinch edge connector.

    http://www.willegal.net/appleii/apple1.htm

    http://www.willegal.net/appleii/apple1-kit.htm

    Some of these components are very, very hard to find, and often expensive, when you do find them, so don’t expect to find these components in Unicorn’s standard parts kit.